# Feed

FName: Avocado seed fresh fat < 100 g/kg
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Further information https://openventio.org/wp-content/uploads/Determination-of-the-Chemical-Composition-of-Avocado-Persea-Americana-Seed-AFTNSOJ-SE-2-107.pdf


FName: Barley grain
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors)
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/227


FName: Barley straw
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/11830


FName: Rhodes hay High CP (Chloris gayana) (Standard)
Source: KEBS Standard
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/480 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12519


FName: Rhodes silage (Chloris gayana)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/480 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12520


FName: Brewers grain wet (Machicha)
Source: Kenya Rumen8 Team
Comment:
High moisture content - storage requires care, potential mycotoxins.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/74


FName: Carrots fresh
Source: Feedipedia
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/539


FName: Cassava tuber/root meal (Tapioca)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/527


FName: Citrus peels silage
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Good intake characteristics, but when removed from diet can lead to feed rejection. Limonin in seeds (lemon and grapefruit) is toxic to young animals and can make the feed unpalatable to older stock. Poorly stored fresh material can mould easily.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/678


FName: Citrus pulp dry
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Good intake characteristics, but when removed from diet can lead to feed rejection. Limonin in seeds (lemon and grapefruit) is toxic to young animals and can make the feed unpalatable to older stock. Poorly stored fresh material can mould easily.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/680


FName: Citrus pulp fresh
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Good intake characteristics, but when removed from diet can lead to feed rejection. Limonin in seeds (lemon and grapefruit) is toxic to young animals and can make the feed unpalatable to older stock. Poorly stored fresh material can mould easily.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/679


FName: Copra (coconut cake) fat < 40 gr/kg
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
High fat content. Aflatoxin risk.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/46 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/11996


FName: Faba Bean (Vicia Faba)
Source: Kenya Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides)
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/4926


FName: Kikuyu grass hay
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/398 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12233


FName: Lablab Bean meal (Dolichos Lab Lab)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides)
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/297 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12195


FName: Lablab Bean silage
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/297


FName: Lucerne hay (Standard)
Source: KEBS Standard
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/275


FName: Maize bran
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/712


FName: Maize cob (with grains) silage
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/13883


FName: Maize cob meal (no grains)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/718


FName: Maize cob meal (small cobs with grains and husks) dry
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/358


FName: Maize germ meal fat < 40 g/kg
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/716


FName: Maize gluten (dry) feed
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/714


FName: Maize grain (imported)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/556


FName: Maize grain
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors)
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/556


FName: Maize silage DM < 30%
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Low protein and mineral content. Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/13883


FName: Maize stover dry
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/16072


FName: Molasses (cane)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/561


FName: Napier hay
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/395 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12366


FName: Oats forage hay
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/231


FName: Pea hulls
Source: Kenya Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Can be abrasive and cause impaction. Potential residue risks (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/7511


FName: Pineapple Waste (dry)
Source: Kenyan Rumen 8 team
Comment:
Good intake characteristics, but when removed from diet can lead to feed rejection. Limonin in seeds (lemon and grapefruit) is toxic to young animals and can make the feed unpalatable to older stock. Poorly stored fresh material can mould easily.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/676 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12453


FName: Rice straw
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Palatability and intake issues. Potential residue risks (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/557


FName: Setaria grass fresh CP < 90 g/kg
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/381 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/380 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/11532


FName: Siratro fresh (Purple Bean)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/278 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12602 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/16631


FName: Sorghum hay
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Cyanide poisoning. Potential residue risks (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/379


FName: Sorghum silage
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Cyanide poisoning. Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/379


FName: Sorghum brewers grain wet
Source: Kenya Rumen8 Team / Feedipedia
Comment:
High moisture content - storage requires care, potential mycotoxins.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/752


FName: Star grass hay (Bermuda)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/471 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/11850


FName: Star grass hay (Naivasha)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/468


FName: Sugar Beet pulp pellets (imported)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/24378


FName: Sugar cane bagasse (dry)
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/search/node/sugarcane


FName: Sunflower Whole Plant fresh
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/6225 https://www.feedipedia.org/node/143


FName: Teff hay
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Nitrate poisoning in stressed plants. Potential residue risks. Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/22768


FName: Teff straw
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Nitrate poisoning in stressed plants. Potential residue risks. Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/22033


FName: Vetch fresh
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides). Risk of mould.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/239


FName: Wheat middlings
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Consists of wheat bran, endosperm and screenings. Variable nutritive value according to the production plant. Useful source of digestible fibre, but low in effective fibre.
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/12756


FName: Wheat bran
Source: Kenay Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/726


FName: Wheat pollard
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Potential residue risk (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides).
Feedipedia https://www.feedipedia.org/node/6435


FName: Yeast
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Yeast is a probiotic that modifies the rumen flora. The actions of probiotics are not understood in sufficient detail to attach nutritive values to this type of feed additive. The effects on animal performance are variable and the benefits do not always outweigh the costs.


FName: Dairy Meal High Yield
Source: Kenayn Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Ruminal acidosis risk (risk level depends on many herd, feed and feeding management factors). Typical as used for lactating dairy cows.


# Mix

MName: MUMB 10% urea
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Molasses-Urea-Mineral Block (MUMB) example with 10% Urea as fed; Recalculate based on actual block formulation; Block hardness is vital to avoid urea toxicity; see also: https://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/frg/ECONF95/HTML/MUB.HTM ; https://kalro.org/fileadmin/publications/brochuresII/How_to_make_mineral_blocks.pdf; https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/73693/Techsheet10.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y


MName: MUMB 15% urea
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Molasses-Urea-Mineral Block (MUMB) example with 15% Urea as fed; Recalculate based on actual block formulation; Block hardness is vital to avoid urea toxicity; see also: https://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/frg/ECONF95/HTML/MUB.HTM ; https://kalro.org/fileadmin/publications/brochuresII/How_to_make_mineral_blocks.pdf; https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/73693/Techsheet10.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y


MName: MUMB 5% urea
Source: Kenyan Rumen8 Team
Comment:
Molasses-Urea-Mineral Block (MUMB) example with 5% Urea as fed; Recalculate based on actual block formulation; Block hardness is vital to avoid urea toxicity; see also: https://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/frg/ECONF95/HTML/MUB.HTM ; https://kalro.org/fileadmin/publications/brochuresII/How_to_make_mineral_blocks.pdf; https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/73693/Techsheet10.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y


